Volume 5|根据土地利用潜力设计最佳的可持续农林牧土地资源规划
来源:SUS_Horizons | 作者:SUS_Horizons | 时间:2023-03-23 | 106 次浏览 | 分享到:
Designing optimal agrosilvopastoral landscape by the potential for conservation use in Brazil


近期,巴西 Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Danielle (UFVJM) 的Danielle Mucida 团队和 Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) 的 Luciano França 团队在 Sustainable Horizons 联合发表研究文章,介绍了根据巴西土地利用潜力设计优化的可持续农林牧土地资源规划方案。

原文链接:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.horiz.2023.100045

- 研究背景 -

科学协调农业生产和自然资源保护的平衡对于可持续发展意义重大。联合国粮农组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FAO)指出,基于土地分类,决策者可以科学规划土地利用,从而兼顾生产和自然资源保护。

环境分区(Environmental Zoning, EZ)是土地利用规划中的常用工具,但该工具主要依赖于区域地质调查的精度及主观评估,导致其不适用大范围区域(州和国家级)的土地利用规划。近年来,在大范围且更客观的土地分级方法中,保护使用潜力法(Potential for Conservation Use, PCU)脱颖而出。


- 文章亮点 -

◇ A methodology to support landscape planning at the state level.

◇ The PCU methodology proposes calculating an indicator considering abiotic components.

◇ Low PUC score was observed in mountainous regions.

◇ Payment for environmental services is an alternative to increasing agrosilvopastoral activities' environmental performance.

◇ Sustainability has also been promoted by fomenting land vocation.


- 研究方法 -

研究选取位于巴西东南部的米纳斯吉拉斯州作为研究区:该地区矿产资源丰富,有活跃的畜牧、农业和造林活动,同时是生物多样性研究的热点区域。

根据Costa等人开发的方法,由岩性、土壤类别和地形坡度计算得出PCU数值, 其指标从低到高(1-5)。研究将土地利用分类与PCU地图进行交叉(Fig 1),并考虑了巴西行政、流域和市政划分中已使用土地的百分比,推演出较适合农林牧用途(PCU≥3)或保护用途的区域。


Fig.1. Flowchart of the methodological procedures for analysing.


- 结果与讨论 -

在结合岩性、土壤类别和坡度(权重分别为 11%、39% 和 50%)创建 PCU 地图后,米纳斯吉拉斯州的平均 PCU 得分为 3.5,范围从 1.078 到 4.989(Fig 2)。

Fig.2. PCU resulted from the combined layers: lithology, soil class, and slope.

结合土地利用数据(Table 1)可以看出,该州12个行政区域中潜力最大的是Mucuri山谷分区,98.3% 的区域 PCU ≥ 3(平均得分3.52),其次是Triângulo Mineiro分区(96.7%)和Doce Valley (96.6%)。其中,Triângulo Mineiro的平均 PCU 最高 (3.87),而Jequitinhonha地区的平均 PCU (3.26) 最低。

Table 1. Resume of the Potential for Conservation Use per administrative divisions.

相较于流域和市级区划,行政区划能够更好地平衡土地利用与自然资源保护——这强调了更高级别的土地利用规划的必要性。

在低PCU地区,畜牧业占土地利用的比例最高,其次是造林和农业。应优先维护PCU较低的区域,以确保原生植被能够提供可持续的生态系统服务。

为环境服务付费是一种有效提高农林牧活动环境绩效的方式。例如在巴西,米纳斯吉拉斯州为民众提供与州外供水有关的生态系统服务。PCU可以指导公共政策和行动的制定,以寻求对土地的最佳利用,即在不影响土地质量的情况下寻求资源的高效可持续利用。


- 总结与展望 -

许多国家在经济上依赖农业,包括畜牧业和造林业。因而,寻求农业生产和自然资源保护的平衡,是保持经济社会可持续发展的关键。

研究提出的PCU方法评估了两个重要的土地利用潜力因素:土壤保持和产水力。在未来的研究中可以将气候、物流网络、法律以及特定的环境限制等更多条件纳入考虑范围。

加强科学理论与公共管理政策制定间的联系是必要且紧迫的。研究呼吁有关部门着手制定整合农业生产、土地利用、环境保护和收入分配的政策,支持当地社区并发挥土地潜力,以实现可持续的土地资源管理和利用。



作者简介

Danielle Piuzana Mucida studies the spatialization and analysis of the state of conservation and environmental degradation of regions/territories, land use, and cover, landscape metrics, as support to public policies of territorial ordering. She's currently A Professor at UFVJM. She participates in the Center for Studies and Research in Environmental and Productive Zoning (NEPZAP) at UFVJM.

Luciano Cavalcante de Jesus França works as Professor at UFU, developing studies about developing spatial analysis and multicriteria modeling frameworks to better understand the tradeoffs and identify synergies between land use and coverage, forestry production, and nature conservation in Brazil. Founder of a website about forest engineering and science communication in Brazil: www.centralflorestal.com.br. Currently, he is associate editor at CERNE. He participates of the Environmental and Productive Zoning (NEPZAP) at UFU.


单位简介

The Federal University of Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (Portuguese: Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, UFVJM) is a public university in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, established on September 30, 1953, as the Faculdade de Odontologia de Diamantina (Portuguese: Dentistry Faculty of Diamantina). It was promoted to a university in 2005, after the passing of federal law n° 11.173.

The Federal University of Uberlândia (Portuguese: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UFU) is a Brazilian public university, located in the southwest of Minas Gerais, in Uberlândia, Brazil. The students are admitted through both annual exams, the vestibular, and the National High School Exam.



引用格式:Mucida, D. P., Gorgens, E. B., Rech, A. R., Christofaro, C., da Silva, R. S., Pereira, I. M., de Morais, M. S., da Costa, A. M., & França, L. C. d. J. 2023. Designing optimal agrosilvopastoral landscape by the potential for conservation use in Brazil. Sustainable Horizons 5, 100045. 

期刊官网(英文):https://journals.elsevier.com/sustainable-horizons

期刊官网(中文):https://www.sustainable-horizons.com/

Linkedin Page:https://www.linkedin.com/company/sustainable-horizons/

投稿链接:https://www.editorialmanager.com/horiz/default1.aspx



版权声明:

本文由 Sustainable Horizons 负责发布,欢迎转发分享至朋友圈,如需转载,应声明出处。Sustainable Horizons 为英文开源学术期刊,以上中文标题、内容仅供参考,具体内容请以英文原文为准。投稿、合作、转载请发送邮件至sush_journal@sustech.edu.cn,我们将在第一时间回复您的信息。